ROAS Calculator
Revenue divided by ad spend is only the start. Add gross margin to find your break-even ROAS and the target that hits a chosen profit.
ROAS
–
Revenue ÷ ad spend
- ACOS
- –
- Spend ÷ revenue
- Gross profit
- –
- Revenue × margin
- Break-even ROAS
- –
- 1 ÷ margin
- Target ROAS
- –
- Needs a profit goal
- Profit after ad spend
- –
- Gross profit − spend
- Net ROAS
- –
- Profit ÷ spend
ROAS without margin is a vanity metric
Revenue divided by ad spend tells you how much money came back, not whether you kept any. A 3× ROAS sounds healthy until you learn the product carries a 25% gross margin. In that case every $1 of spend produces $3 of revenue and $0.75 of gross profit, a 25 cent loss before you pay anyone. The number that separates a good campaign from an expensive one is break-even ROAS, which is 1 divided by gross margin.
From there, a target is straightforward. Decide how much profit you want on each dollar of spend, add 1, and divide by margin. Wanting 20 cents of profit per dollar at 50% margin gives a target of 2.40×. This is the figure to feed into a target ROAS bid strategy, and it changes every time margin changes, which is why a single company-wide ROAS target rarely survives contact with a real product catalog.
Two things this tool cannot fix. Attributed revenue is only as honest as the attribution model behind it, and platform-reported ROAS is routinely higher than what incrementality tests show. And ROAS says nothing about volume: a 6× ROAS on $500 of spend is worth less to the business than a 3× ROAS on $50,000. Judge the return and the scale together.
Formulas
- ROAS
- = Revenue ÷ Ad spend
- ACOS
- = Ad spend ÷ Revenue = 1 ÷ ROAS
- Break-even ROAS
- = 1 ÷ Gross margin
- Target ROAS
- = (1 + Target profit on spend) ÷ Gross margin
- Profit after ad spend
- = Revenue × Gross margin − Ad spend
- Net ROAS
- = Profit after ad spend ÷ Ad spend
Frequently asked questions
How do you calculate ROAS?
Return on ad spend is revenue attributed to the ads divided by what the ads cost. $20,000 of revenue from $5,000 of spend is a 4.00× ROAS, sometimes written as 400%. ACOS, the term used on Amazon and other retail media platforms, is the same relationship inverted: spend divided by revenue, so a 4.00× ROAS is a 25% ACOS.
What is break-even ROAS?
It is the ROAS at which gross profit from the sales exactly covers the ad spend, and it equals 1 divided by gross margin. At 50% margin, break-even is 2.00×: every $1 of spend needs $2 of revenue, because only $1 of that revenue is gross profit. At 30% margin, break-even climbs to 3.33×. This is why a 3× ROAS can be a strong result for a software company and a loss for a retailer with thin margins.
How do I set a target ROAS?
Decide what profit you want on each dollar of ad spend, then divide 1 plus that figure by your gross margin. If you want 20 cents of profit per dollar spent at 50% margin, target ROAS is 1.20 ÷ 0.50, or 2.40×. That is the number to put in a target ROAS bid strategy. Setting it at break-even means the ads are working for free; setting it too high starves the campaign of volume.
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